Business plan for breeding laying hens. Opening a mini-poultry farm as a profitable business system

Choosing poultry according to business purpose

1. Incubation of chicks;
2. Raising poultry for meat.

What initial number of pieces should be included in the business plan for poultry farming to become a profitable enterprise in the future? The optimal option is about 1000 pieces, but even a smaller number, for example, 600, is also quite likely to yield good “fruits”. Here you need to focus on financial capabilities.

Thus, a competent approach to poultry breeding can bring income even after the first year of operation of the enterprise.

In this case, the business plan should be as detailed as possible, taking into account all the nuances. You should carefully prepare for the creation of a “poultry” factory: read specific literature, watch videos on the Internet, consult with experienced poultry farmers.

Download a detailed business plan for a poultry farm with calculations.

Poultry farming as a successful business attracts many - the simplicity of business organization, relatively low initial investments, consistently high demand for products and the opportunity to make a good profit. Poultry meat is considered to be dietary - it is eaten even by those for whom beef and pork are contraindicated for health reasons or nutritionist instructions.

It is quite possible to organize poultry breeding and rearing at home, it is possible to independently regulate production volumes, respond flexibly to market demands, breeding several species at once or switching from one type of bird to another. For a successful start, it is enough to think everything through carefully, draw up a business plan and invest several thousand rubles.

Stages of organizing a small poultry business:

1) Choice optimal direction– after studying the market, competitors’ offers, demand, characteristics of poultry farming and other nuances: determining profitability

2) Financial calculations– detailed analysis of all expenses (registration, rental of space, arrangement of a poultry house, purchase of young animals, feed, etc.), potential profit

3) Definition payback period and making a list of everything you need

4) Execution of work, project implementation

Choosing a direction and preparing

When choosing a direction, you need to take into account a lot of factors and features. The business idea of ​​making money from poultry farming itself is not new - almost all rural residents raise poultry for themselves and for sale, but not everyone knows how to create a large farm and effectively breed and raise poultry on a scale of hundreds and thousands of birds.

Advance advisable study the market, analyze the level of supply of different types of meat and eggs, find what is in demand and is not available in sufficient quantities. So, if there is little chicken in the region and it is brought from afar, it makes sense to enter into agreements in advance with local supermarkets or open several points selling specifically chicken products - meat, eggs, offal, semi-finished products.

If there is enough poultry in a city or region, but there are no relatively rare species and there is a free niche for selling quail or turkey, then it is better to develop this direction. It is also worth paying attention to the difficulties in breeding and growing. Almost all types of poultry are quite unpretentious, but require proper arrangement of premises and a competent diet.

The most popular types:

• Geese and ducks
• Chickens (broilers, layers)
• Pheasants and

The simplest directions are chicken, duck. It is more difficult to breed quails and pheasants; turkeys require the creation of the right conditions. You can make money by selling meat (carcasses, offal, individual parts), eggs, meat and eggs at the same time. It is advisable to decide in advance, since the choice of bird breed will depend on which option is preferable.

The implementation of a business idea for poultry farming at home requires proper registration. Usually they choose LLC or, indicating the OKVED code of group 01.47, which regulates the breeding and raising of chickens, turkeys, ducks, guinea fowl, and geese. In this case, we are not talking about the production of down and feathers, so you can additionally specify code 10.12. Growing for eggs, for meat, breeding young animals, breeding individuals - all this requires its own codes.

Permitting documentation from veterinarians and SES, quality certificates will be required. Given the many complexities and subtleties, it makes sense to hire an experienced lawyer or take the time to independently prepare a package of documents.

Selection of area and premises

An important aspect that will directly affect the profitability of poultry farming as a business is choice areas and premises. It is best to stay in a rural area; you need to select the area and premises in accordance with the type of bird and the expected volumes. So, pheasants will need an aviary for flying, chickens can grow indoors. But for normal growth and a high-quality product, it is desirable to create conditions as close as possible to natural ones.

It is desirable to have your own large territory, which will significantly reduce the cost of feed in the spring and summer. Having your own garden will allow you to save on feed and provide the birds with the necessary additives to the feed: grass, plants, etc.

The territory and premises can be rent or buy, but it is better to find unused real estate assets or enter into a lease agreement for areas and buildings in distant villages, which will significantly reduce costs in the business plan. Before drawing it up and performing all the calculations, you need to already have certain ideas and agreements, so that later, due to high rent, costs do not exceed profits.

Poultry house and necessary equipment

Poultry farming as a home business is quite realistic for residents. But to breed and raise poultry in large quantities, an ordinary barn and yard are not enough; you will have to arrange everything.

First of all, you need a poultry house - for the cold season and night, where the bird will be comfortable and calm. The construction and equipment of a poultry house can be done independently or with the involvement of workers and plans. Sizes and costs directly depend on the expected volumes. In addition, the business plan includes costs for equipment and arrangement.

To breed poultry you will need:

• Cages for keeping adults
• Incubators for breeding young animals
• Drinkers and feeders
• Heaters for young animals
• Special equipment for cleaning the poultry house and territory
• Instruments for measuring indoor humidity levels, thermometers
• In the room you will have to take care of thermal insulation, ventilation, good lighting

Specific species and breeds of birds may have special requirements, which should be taken care of in advance. Purchasing an incubator will make it possible to subsequently save on purchasing birds and breed them yourself. But the first time, young animals will need to be purchased from farmers.

Purchasing young animals, recruiting personnel, other expenses

Eggs and young animals for rearing are purchased at specialized farms, after consulting with experts about specific breeds. When collaborating with a supplier for the first time, it is advisable to take with you a veterinarian who will check the chicks and help them buy healthy and strong ones.

It is advisable to select personnel from those who have the necessary knowledge, experience, and skills. To maintain a poultry farm, you will need several people: several people to care for the birds and clean the poultry house, a specialist for slaughtering and cutting, a driver to deliver the finished product, or, if you plan to sell it yourself, sellers. An accountant can be hired as a freelancer.

Feed can involve a variety of costs, which depends on: the percentage of natural feed (grass from the territory in spring and summer), the type and breed of poultry, growth rate and level of naturalness of the product, wholesale prices of specific suppliers.

It is also worth thinking about transport for delivering meat and eggs to the point of sale, purchasing places for sale (if you plan to sell yourself), fuel costs, special containers for delivery, etc.

Final settlements

To understand whether it is profitable or not to organize a poultry farming business, you need to think through everything well and calculate it. Before drawing up a business plan, you need to study the market, find out prices for equipment and feed, inquire about the salary level of employees in the field and carry out serious preliminary work.

Main expenses:

• Business registration and registration of permits

• Rent/purchase of territory, premises
• Construction of a poultry house and landscaping
• Purchase of equipment
• Purchase of young animals
• Purchase of feed and bait
• Salary to employees
• Additional shipping costs, etc.

Profit is calculated in accordance with the type of product sold and its optimal price in the region. Typically this is the sale of meat and eggs (retail and wholesale prices).

• The main thing is sales!
• Which breed to choose
• Organizational aspects
• Poultry farm design
• OKVED for registration
• Egg growing technology
• Tax system
• Permissions to open
  • • • Similar business ideas:

In this article we will talk about how you can make money on a mini-poultry farm, organized in the conditions of a personal subsidiary plot. At the end of the article, we will provide calculations of efficiency and try to answer the question - is it profitable to engage in poultry farming on a local plot.

The main thing is sales!

Raising poultry on your own farm is not difficult. One family of 2-3 people can easily support up to 5,000 laying hens. That is, get up to 3500 - 4000 eggs daily. But, before investing in a poultry farm, you should carefully think about how and where you will deliver so many eggs (or meat, if the direction is meat). Because so many beginning farmers got burned in sales. Even if a homemade egg sells out within a year, selling it is a very troublesome business. Just imagine. You need to get up early every morning, collect eggs (several thousand!), put everything into cassettes, go to the veterinarian so that he can give an opinion on the batch, and only then take it to the market, where it all needs to be sold. You can, of course, do without a veterinarian, but if you have large volumes, sooner or later law enforcement agencies will have questions for you. Because you will no longer resemble an ordinary private household plot (which gets away with everything), but like a natural agricultural production. Therefore, calculate everything in advance, go to the local market, find a place. Go to grocery stores and specialized kiosks and offer cooperation. It might be worth considering the option outbound trade from a mobile shop. For small volumes (less than 500 eggs per day), it is quite possible to get by with classic trading from a machine or a tray at the market. Trade in eggs and poultry through bulletin boards, in particular through Avito, is now quite common. In general, it is quite possible to receive stable income on message boards, if you know what and how best to sell and constantly update texts.

Step-by-step plan for opening a mini-poultry farm. Where to begin

The question that every farmer asks himself is: what number of poultry should he start with so that there is enough for life and enough left for the development of the farm? There is no definite answer to this question, but most often poultry farmers start with 500 birds and expand the farm as necessary. Why exactly 500? It’s easier not only in terms of content, but also in terms of sales. After all, selling 300 - 400 eggs on the market is much easier than 3 - 4 thousand. In addition, the investment is significantly lower. You need less cages and less food. And you don’t need to spend a lot on buying a bird. Moreover, along with the poultry stock, you will probably purchase a household incubator in which you will slowly hatch chickens. In six months to a year you can double the size of the farm.

Which breed to choose

Loman Brown crosses are definitely considered the most egg-laying chicken breeds. These are the most early-ripening and productive laying hens. The Loman Brown breed is capable of producing up to 320 eggs per year. The hatchability of hatching eggs is 80%, and the survival rate of chicks is about 98%. This is also one of the highest figures.

The only drawback of the breed is that the chicken ages very quickly due to its high productivity. The chicken will lay eggs well for 1.5 years, then the flock needs to be renewed.

Thinking, there is no need to talk a lot about the advantages of cage housing over floor housing. This saves space (cages can be arranged in several tiers), saves on feed, and the birds get sick less. In addition, it is easier to organize egg collection. So, in the conditions of LPH or KFH, cells are the best option. A reasonable question is: how long can birds be kept in one room? Many poultry farmers adhere to the calculation of 10 chickens per square meter. That is, to keep 500 chickens you will need a room of at least 50 square meters. m. Cells can be made independently. There is plenty of information on this matter on the Internet.

If you have “extra” money, then there are ready-made cell modules for sale. For example, to keep 500 chickens, you can purchase ten three-tier cages, each of which can hold up to 55 chickens. The big plus is that the cages are already equipped with everything necessary for the comfortable keeping of birds: nipple drinkers, feeders and an egg collector.

The height of one cell is 180 cm and the width is 130 cm. The asking price is 19,000 rubles. for one cell or 190,000 rub. per set.

Organizational aspects

When planning the purchase of feed, you should assume that one chicken consumes approximately 5 kg of feed per month. To reduce feed costs, purchases should be made during the grain harvesting season. You need to take it with a reserve so that it lasts for six months or a year. To get good egg production, it is advisable to provide each chicken with a perch of at least 30 cm. At least once a month, you should do a general cleaning of the poultry house. If you plan to independently reproduce the flock (buying young animals every time is too expensive and an unjustified pleasure), then you should provide in advance a room or department for keeping chickens. The conditions for keeping young birds and adult birds are very different. So, day-old chickens require a temperature of at least +29 degrees, and adults - no more than +18 degrees. The heating issue can be solved using infrared lamps.

Poultry farm design

When it comes to serious volumes, the poultry farmer has a completely logical question - is it worth registering a poultry farm or is it better to work as a private household plot? In principle, when keeping a livestock of up to 500 heads, there is no point in registering a peasant farm (or individual entrepreneur). You will simply create additional problems for yourself related to filing reports, paying taxes and pension contributions. When is registration required? The point is this. When you sell products grown on your plot, at a regular market, from a tray or from a car, no one will fine you for it. In fact, you are equivalent to those thousands of grandmothers who sell strawberries in cups. They don’t register IP. It’s another matter when you have large sales volumes, for example, a thousand eggs a day. It is difficult to sell such a volume from a tray alone, so most likely you will prefer to sell eggs in bulk to stores or for processing. And here they will ask you for documents, since each supplier - entrepreneur(at least legally). No store will buy from you without documents, as it also risks receiving an administrative fine.

How much money do you need to open a poultry farm?

Now let's move on to calculating the efficiency indicators of a poultry farm. Is it worth doing this business at all? We will calculate based on a population of 500 chickens. We will assume that we already have a room for keeping poultry.

• Arrangement of a chicken coop (electricity, ventilation, insulation, etc.) - 90,000 rub.
• Purchase of a household incubator - 10,000 rubles.
• Purchase of cage batteries for 500 heads. - 200,000 rub.
• Purchase of young chickens at one month of age - 100,000 rubles. (200 rub./goal)
• Feed supplies - 15,000 rub.
• Other expenses (vitamins, supplements) - 10,000 rub.

Total - 425,000 rub.

Poultry farm constant costs

• Utility costs (electricity) - 4,000 rub.
• Feed - 15,000 rub.
• Vitamins, supplements, bedding - 1,000 rub.
• Packaging - 5,000 rub.
• Fuel and lubricants - 9,000 rub.
• Other expenses - 5,000 rub.

Total - 39,000 rub. Please note that all calculations are approximate and each individual farmer will have different indicators. For example, in these calculations we did not take into account labor costs, since the farmer will work independently (using the labor of relatives). If hire an employee, then you should add at least 20,000 rubles to the costs. per month. Also, feed can be purchased at different prices, especially if purchased out of season. Now you can calculate your expected income.

How much can you earn by opening a poultry farm?

500 laying hens will produce about 420 eggs daily. We will transport an average of 400 eggs to the market, since part of the eggs will be spent on incubation (reproduction of the herd) and for household needs. The average price for a home-made egg is 5 rubles. Accordingly, daily income, subject to 100% sales, will be 2,000 rubles, per month - 60,000 rubles. From here you can calculate the net profit: 60,000 - 39,000 = 21,000 rubles. Average salary of a resident of the Russian Federation. The payback of the project with such indicators occurs in 23 months, taking into account the time of the start of egg production (we took the chickens at one month of age). So, taking into account the full sale of all products produced, poultry farming can be considered a profitable business. But, you always need to budget for unforeseen expenses, for example, lack of sales, loss of birds, etc. How can you increase your income? Firstly, you can simply increase volumes, but you need to raise the issue of sales. Secondly, some eggs can be sold as hatching eggs. The price of a hatching egg is 10 - 15 times higher, while the demand is quite high, especially in the spring and summer. In addition, you can sell young birds. At one month of age, the price of a laying hen is at least 200 rubles. You can also consider the option with custom-made poultry farming for restaurants.

OKVED for registration

OKVED 2 01.47.2 Production of poultry eggs

Egg growing technology

To establish the production of chicken eggs, the following requirements must be met: the process of raising poultry must be highly productive and the products must be supplied evenly throughout the year. For this purpose, it is necessary to use highly productive breeds of laying hens, which must be kept in windowless poultry houses, raising eggs must be year-round, constant replenishment of the herd is necessary, and modern technologies must be used. In order for egg production to be productive, several factors must be observed: good lighting, temperature, room humidity and cleanliness of the poultry house. The temperature in the poultry house should be at least 16-18 degrees Celsius, air humidity should be 60-70%. The productivity of eggs is also affected by the cleanliness of the poultry house, since in an uncleaned room gases are released from the decomposition of manure, which affect the appetite and general condition of the bird. The productivity of laying hens is also affected by the dustiness of the poultry house; in the summer it must be equipped with powerful fans. Poultry houses are stocked with chickens of the same age and approximately the same weight. From the purchase of chickens to the appearance of eggs, 120 days pass.

What documents are needed to open

This business will require a package of documents related to agricultural production and retail trade. It is necessary to register a business entity: it can be an individual entrepreneur or a collective farming enterprise. The prepared documents must be submitted to government authorities.

Tax system

This business relates to the production of agricultural products, therefore it applies tax system for agricultural producers, the so-called single agricultural tax. (ESKHN). The main condition of this tax is that the proceeds from the sale of these products are at least 70% of the total revenue, and also that the enterprise must be engaged exclusively in the production of agricultural products, and not in their sale.

The agricultural business is gaining momentum every year. He absolutely justifies himself. Poultry fillet is currently recognized as the most popular product.

Advantages of this line of business:

• Our contemporaries have begun to take their health seriously, and are increasingly eating low-fat and dietary foods, such as chicken.
• You don't need to invest a lot of money to develop your own business. To get started, a few thousand rubles are enough, and most importantly – time and desire.

You all know very well that residents of towns and villages raise and keep various birds to feed their families. A fairly small number of rural residents think about this as a way to earn money. If you start doing this professionally, you can earn a good permanent income.

What birds are the most popular at the moment? These are: different types of chickens (layers, broilers), turkeys, geese, quails, ducks, pheasants. Before you start poultry farming, you should decide on the direction, demand for products, and the presence of competitors. Carefully study the characteristics of each bird and how to breed them. Only after this choose any type of bird.

Register your business activity

Any area of ​​activity that generates income must be registered. Still, first try to raise poultry for your own needs, and only then, when you have gained some experience, can you register your personal subsidiary plot.

Private household plots are a very convenient type of agricultural business. You will also be required to purchase a quality certificate and permission from the sanitary and epidemiological station to sell your products and products.

There are only two options here: in cages and on the run. When using the first option, you should equip a comfortable specialized room.

When using the second method, the birds will walk around the neighborhood. You will need to fence off a fairly large area of ​​land for the birds, where they will be at ease. By the way, a poultry house will also have to be built (for overnight stays, during the cold season). In fact, it is not so difficult to build a structure of this type.

What else do you need?

	Incubators for raising chicks
	Poultry cages

If you have a strong desire to get into poultry farming, you will have to purchase babies in order to start raising them. It is believed that it is better to purchase eggs and chicks on farms. It should be said that there are meat breeds, and there are birds that lay eggs well. Think about what you want from your business first.

Pros and cons of business

Let's calculate all the pros and cons of this type of business. First of all, you will need helpers, because the process of feeding, watering, cleaning, grazing - all this is quite difficult even on a small farm.

You will definitely need a seller of your products at the market. Do not worry! In the countryside, it won’t be difficult to find a worker for your company. The main condition will be love for yours and his charges, as well as for the person to cope with the assigned tasks.

If you plan to organize a poultry farm with a population of five hundred birds, you will need:

1. Register your business;
2. Buy or rent territory for a poultry house (if you have your own plot, you can skip this point);
3. Build a poultry house;
4. Purchase of young animals;
5. Purchase of feed;
6. Payment of wages to workers.

What products will bring profit?

This type of business can bring good profits, especially if you pay attention to raising broilers. The carcasses of these birds have good weight, and, accordingly, things will go uphill.

By simple calculations, you can see that one hundred laying hens will produce about thirty thousand eggs during the year. The price for a dozen is approximately fifty rubles. Even if you sell only eggs, you can get one hundred and fifty thousand rubles.

All this is quite popular among summer residents (as fertilizers). And, of course, bird feathers serve as pillow fillers.

There are quite a few ways to sell birds. It should be said that the easiest way is to sell on the market. If you have a large consignment of goods, then it is quite possible to conclude a deal with cafes, restaurants, and sanatoriums. Only for this you will be required to have a quality certificate for everything.

Chicken meat and eggs are considered one of the most popular and sought-after food products in Russia. They have very great biological value for the human body. From an economic point of view, selling these products is quite profitable. Today there are many large chicken meat producers on the market, some of them successfully export their products to many countries around the world. For such companies, this business brings very good profits.

However, there are other options for making money in this industry. One of them is organizing such a type of business as opening your own mini-poultry farm. With the right approach to business, this type of business activity can become very stable and profitable.

To work successfully and efficiently in this area, you need some special knowledge in the field of poultry farming, patience, responsibility and a well-written business plan.

The main essence and beginning of this business

According to recent forecasts from the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the number of consumers of chicken meat and eggs in the country will constantly increase. The number of national producers of this type of product in the domestic market is also increasing. This is due, first of all, to a reduction in imports of chicken meat to Russia. Therefore, with a correct and responsible approach to the operation of a mini-poultry farm, this type of activity can become very profitable. According to many analysts and industry experts, the profitability of this poultry farming business averages 58-60%.

Before implementing this type of activity in practice, you must have a clearly thought out and executed business plan. It must necessarily include the following items:

• construction of a future poultry farm of a certain size;
• features of the premises and equipment for the farm;
• search and organization of supply of young chickens;
• presence of feeding structure;
• financial side of the project and investment plan;
• technological basis for poultry keeping.

When it comes to raising chickens, you can start by purchasing a small number of young animals. To start this type of business, the optimal number would be 1000 birds. Your initial costs, not counting the construction of the farm itself and the rental or purchase of land, will be as follows:

• 86,000 rubles for the purchase of egg-laying chickens and broilers;
• 110,000 rubles for the construction of specialized cells;
• 61,000 rubles for the purchase of additional equipment;
• 52,000 rubles for renovation of the premises.

Thus, the amount of your initial investment in this type of business will be 309,000 rubles. This is provided that you start with a number of young animals of 1000 heads. Below, in this article, calculations of the profitability of this type of activity will be given. But first you need to clarify and analyze all the stages of work on organizing the production of chicken meat and eggs, which should be included in your business plan.

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Primary stages of activity

When building and organizing a poultry breeding business, there are many central points included in the business plan, from which it is worth starting the relevant work. First, you will need to decide on the organizational and legal form of your future enterprise. Most experts recommend registering such a company in the form of a peasant farm, or peasant farm for short. The choice of this form is due to such important points as the minimum number of documents and costs for registration.

The best option for paying taxes would be the Unified Agricultural Tax regime. In Russia its value is 6%. Unified agricultural tax stands for unified agricultural tax. One of the main features and conditions of this rate is that 70% of your basic income will come from the sale of agricultural products.

Next, your business plan must include all the nuances associated with the construction of an enterprise. The land on which the mini-poultry farm will be located will need to be registered as a permitted use. This plot can be your property, purchased or leased. The main thing is that the purpose of the land corresponds to the objects of agricultural purpose. Another mandatory condition will be the location of your mini-farm at a distance of at least 350 m from residential premises.

The next step is to qualitatively analyze your own starting resources. you must clearly know all your capabilities with which you plan to start this type of activity. If you have some practical experience and knowledge in the field of poultry farming, then in the first stages of the business you can get by with a minimum amount of labor. Otherwise, you will be required to hire several highly qualified specialists from this field of activity.

You also need to decide on your own financial capabilities to launch your project. If you do not have enough start-up capital, then perhaps you should try the following ways to attract the necessary resources:

• state program to support farmers: the amount of investment in your business can be about 1.5-2 million rubles;
• bank lending on preferential terms: there are financial institutions that offer specialized loans for the development of agricultural enterprises at 11-12% per annum;
• state support program for beginning entrepreneurs in the amount of 350,000 rubles.

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Production and organizational stage

The main activities in which your mini-poultry farm can specialize can be:

• production and subsequent sale of meat products and chicken eggs;
• raising poultry (chickens) using an incubator.
• For these purposes, experts recommend acquiring the following breeds of chickens:
• broilers, the live weight of which can reach 5-6 kg;
• early maturing hens that can produce up to 220 eggs per year.

In order to start a poultry farming business with 1000 young birds, you will need a premises with an area of ​​110 sq.m. Experts recommend keeping chickens in specialized cages, which are usually installed in 2-3 tiers. They can be purchased from manufacturers or made independently. This can significantly save space for raising poultry. In accordance with the stocking norm, there should be 5-6 heads of young animals per 1 sq.m. in a cage.

On your farm you can independently engage in poultry reproduction. For this purpose, specialized incubators are used. There is a fairly large selection of this type of product on the market, both imported and domestic. Most experts recommend buying Russian equipment. The ILB brand incubator has proven itself well in practice. It holds more than 700 eggs, and the incubation period for chickens is 22-23 days.

A prerequisite for proper keeping of poultry indoors is control over the maintenance of a microclimate that meets the standards. For chickens that are over 55 days old, +18 degrees will be enough to keep them. Chicks that are only a few days old should be kept indoors at a temperature of +33 degrees. Because of this difference in regime, different age categories of birds must be kept in different compartments and rooms.

The lighting system is very important in poultry farming - for young animals that are not yet 3 weeks old, it is recommended to keep the lights on around the clock. After this period, as the bird grows, this period is reduced to 17-18 hours. The basis of chicken feed is grain products - wheat and corn. Various mixtures of flour and cereals, which are rich in all kinds of vitamins and easily digestible proteins, are added to the diet. To properly maintain all the main stages of poultry production, a minimum of 3-4 workers is required.