Business plan for cargo transportation: ready-made calculations. Cargo transportation business: where to start

Finance

This article outlines a ready-made business plan with a step-by-step description of actions for the creation and development of private freight transportation. Here you can download a cargo transportation business plan for free or see a sample of its preparation.

Investment capital: from 1,185,000 rubles.
Payback: 1.5-2 years.

Not all novice entrepreneurs can correctly draw up a business plan for cargo transportation and thoroughly understand the marketing and financial strategies of the enterprise. Most often, they are guided by potential and upcoming profits.

A big mistake is made by those who recently worked as workers and decided to make capital without any business plan for cargo transportation.

The project is definitely needed.

Without a business plan for freight transportation, not a single bank will open a loan or investors will refuse money to start their own business.

If you invest exclusively your own funds in the development of an enterprise, only ready-made calculations on paper will help you outline clear trends and the future path of business implementation.

Goals

The most important thing is to have exceptional drive and be confident in your abilities. The goals of the cargo transportation business plan need to include information about what the company will do in general.

Basic commercial services must include:

Office, apartment, private, legal relocations.
Assistance in organizing large-sized cargo.
Delivery of valuable equipment to its destination.
Providing loader services.
Proper configuration and placement of cargo in the vehicle.
If necessary, forced storage of cargo.

The list of services provided plays a key role in potential profits. Both the staff and the class of cars will depend on it.

Of course, the client will be interested if the list of cargo transportation services turns out to be large.

Marketing section

For successful entrepreneurship, the marketing section of a cargo transportation business plan plays an important role:

In general, choose a certain direction and explore it.
We can say with confidence that cargo transportation as a business is in more and more demand, and transportation services can hardly be underestimated.
Modern people value their time and it is very important for them that their luggage is delivered as quickly as possible.
Freight transportation is ordered by both individuals and legal entities to transport essential goods, food, medical supplies, etc.

Currently, the transport business is highly competitive. Therefore, the entrepreneur himself or with the help of his assistants must study and analyze the strengths of the future company.

Sample potential competitive advantages for a trucking business plan:

Extensive fleet of trucks. This will increase the number of clients that can be served.
Create an independent status and manage your own operations.
Create a complete cargo transportation business, including Gazelle, truck and long-haul trucks.
The following benefits for customers are worth considering:
Providing a polite invitation and reliable service.
The company has a reputation for on-time delivery and the best riders in the industry.
Providing competitive prices for clients.
Delivery integrity through reliable and safe equipment.
Possibility of cargo tracking.
Service time 24/7.
Additional bonuses - free packaging.

Advertising

This area mainly involves middle and high class audiences aged 23 to 55 years.
To effectively attract these customers, it is necessary to include advertising methods for the use of your services in your cargo transportation business plan.
You can choose the following methods:
Come up with a “flying name” for your company.
Print colorful flyers and business cards. Distribute them through the mailboxes of your city, give them to your friends and those who use your services.
“Word of mouth”.
You can advertise cargo transportation for free using a business card website or advertisements in a catalog.
Posters and stickers. Here it should be taken into account that they should be glued only in specially designated places. You can negotiate and pay a small amount with the management of the metro and stations to allocate an advertising area for you.
Advertising in newspapers. Effective for mature audiences.
Creative advertising on cars in your fleet.
Advertising on the facade of your office will also be a good success.

To move on to practical actions, you need to devote part of the freight transportation business plan to a theoretical analysis of the organization of a freight transportation company.

Below is a sample of how to open your own trucking company.

Registration

Opening your own business is possible only after registering an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation. This procedure is not particularly difficult:

It is enough to fill out form P21001 at the tax office.
The required set of documents is a passport, a receipt for payment of state duty (800 rubles).
If the applicant will be a proxy, you need to make a power of attorney for registration actions.
It’s easy to register an individual entrepreneur for cargo transportation. However, it is best to consult a tax advisor in advance. Maybe in your case it will be more profitable to work on UTII or simplified tax system.

Taxation options for small businesses that must be chosen for individual entrepreneurs (one from the list):

Simplified system. Suitable for many activities. Tax rate of income from 1 to 6%.
Single tax (UTDV). Makes life easier, but cannot be used in Moscow. It is noteworthy that the amount is fixed and does not depend on the actual profit.
General system. It is not always beneficial for individual entrepreneurs, especially at the start of a business. You will have to keep a difficult book of income and expenses and pay 13% with personal income tax. Suitable for LLCs and those who need VAT.

Selecting a room

To achieve good results in your work, space for a cargo transportation office can be rented or rented. meters in the call center. Working from home will not give the desired results. This option is used for private taxis. Renting a small space in a call center will cost little.

The dispatch office can be equipped with 15 sq.m. In addition to mobile phones, landline numbers should also be used. It would be good if there were 2 telephone lines and walkie-talkies for communication between dispatchers and drivers.

Equipment

Organizing a cargo transportation company requires, in addition to a fleet of vehicles, the necessary equipment.

Depending on the type of services provided, vehicles such as Gazelle, ZIL, and a car with a trailer are most often used. For perishable goods you need a refrigerator with a refrigeration chamber.

Staff

For a small organization, the cargo transportation business plan needs to include the composition of employees, staff salaries, bonus expenses and future rate increases.

IP personnel may consist of:

3-4 drivers;
3 dispatchers;
loader

In the future, as the enterprise scales, the workforce may increase.

Hello dear readers. Today, in the “Sharing Experience” section, Evgeny Mironov, a 20-year-old entrepreneur engaged in cargo transportation in his city of Angarsk with a population of 240,000 people, answered my questions. If you are interested in the cargo transportation business, then you will be doubly interested in learning from Evgeniy’s experience. In my opinion, the article turned out to be interesting! So, let's begin.

Hello, Evgeniy! What is the name and what does your company do? How many are already on the market?

Hello Nikolay! The company is called "Angarsk Freight Transportation Center". It has only been on the market for 5 months. Initially, when I started providing transport services, these were: special. equipment, minibuses, car rental, etc. But it turned out to be very difficult to advertise several services at once, so I decided to engage only in cargo transportation and providing the services of loaders and general workers.

The scheme of work is as follows. The client calls us, orders cargo transportation or loaders, we accept the order and give it to the order executor (driver or loaders) and receive a percentage of the order. In essence, it turns out that we are selling the client. We also provide services on an ongoing basis with full-time drivers with l/a. This makes it more profitable and safer.

Those. Are you essentially a simple dispatcher?

Well, basically yes, I’m an ordinary dispatcher who looks for cargo for transportation and hands it over to the driver. But on the other hand, no, because at the moment I already have several cars working on a permanent basis in the company. In general, I am gradually moving from the status of “dispatcher” to the status of “transport company”.

How many employees do you have?

Not much, we are a very small company, but we are growing quickly. Currently in the state:

1 dispatcher;
1 advertisement sticker;
1 contract driver with a personal truck;
4 loaders;
1 person on advertising, monitors the site, promotes, takes orders, etc.;
and the rest from order to order.

Who are your main clients and what orders come most often?

Our clients are mostly private individuals, but now companies are starting to appear with whom we work for delivery to nearby cities. Various orders come in: to transport furniture from one apartment to another, to help rearrange some things, to deliver various goods from one point to another, etc. And there was even one interesting order, to translate a live hog :) Initially, of course, there was some fear: “What if something goes wrong, or an accident?” And while the cargo is traveling and in the car, I am fully responsible for it! In the end, we did a great job with this :) The client was happy! And this is the main thing!

Is this your first business or have you done something else before? How did you get into business in the first place and why business and not working for “Uncle”?

From early childhood I tried to work for myself, and I didn’t have a great desire to work for some “guy,” so when I was little I tried to sell something, carry passengers on my scooter for money, etc. Therefore, later in life there was no particular doubt about where to go and what to do.

I tried to do different kinds of business, but not always everything went smoothly, maybe because of my little entrepreneurial experience, but I’m constantly learning :) For example, I was also involved in slate making. Buying at a low price and selling at a higher price. To be honest, in my city this is an ideal business with almost no start-up capital. You only need to have a house with a plot, a couple of phones and advertising of course :). The business is mainly seasonal, so I had to look for something permanent and settled on cargo transportation.

Why cargo transportation?

There is no clear answer here. Maybe because you can enter it without initial funds and still get used to it as a dispatch office. Or maybe I’m just good at it.

What is the revenue/turnover or net profit of the business (on average)?

The average turnover depends entirely on you and advertising. How much you work, that's what you'll get. When I first started, my average turnover was 3000-5000 rubles. in Week. Now, after many attempts, testing and hard work, the income averages 80,000-100,000 rubles. per month. I think this is a good result in just 5 months of work, without having a personal vehicle fleet.

What difficulties and nuances are there in your business and what did you encounter when you first started?

Like any business, there are difficulties and pitfalls. And, of course, I am no exception. The first thing that was difficult was the contracts with the drivers, they are the owners, why would they work for our low prices? There is also, of course, high competition in my city. Well, and constant monitoring of the condition of cars, drivers and loaders, so that it doesn’t happen that there is an order, but there are no workers.

Another difficulty was and is the recruitment of loaders. It often happened that a person completed a job, but did not give a percentage of the order, he simply disappeared and that’s it. Because of this, I often didn’t want to do anything and gave up. After all, really, you give a person a job, try to find orders, and he acts like a pig. We have to pass a lot of people through the company in search of adequate and responsible guys.

What plans do you have for business development?

As always, there are many plans. I would like to buy a couple of my own cars, open an office and raise the income level by at least 2-3 times. We are also starting to work with companies. We recently entered into an agreement with a company for the transportation of household chemicals on an ongoing basis for payment on a weekly basis. The amounts there are completely different and it’s interesting.

The main ones are: Avito, Yandex.Direct, Google Adwords, banners around the city, business cards and posting advertisements. But the most important source of advertising is word of mouth. After all, we live in Russia and there has never been good service here. And we try to serve the client at a high level, we try to save his time and money, which is why we are often recommended to others.

What documents, permits and other formalities did you require?

If you just start, try, then documents and permits are not needed at all. If you have started earning money and want to work officially, do larger-scale advertising and work with companies, then you need at least an individual entrepreneur. I collected all the documents and went through the state. organs and everything. And in my work I only need contract agreements with employees. If I were transporting people, I would need to obtain a license, but in my activities I can do without it.

I think everyone should answer this question for themselves. After all, every person has a soul for different things. But I will say one thing, if you approach this type of business correctly, you can get good returns. And most importantly, this is desire and aspiration!

And lastly, give some advice to readers who also want to get involved in cargo transportation in their city.

Well, first you need a great desire and love for what you do. You also need to understand that quality of service is the best advertisement. When starting out, you should immediately decide what exactly you are doing: a dispatch service or, in the future, a full-fledged transport company. Next, you need to know how you will differ from others and wisely think through the prices for services.

I’ll tell you right away about advertising. Website and advertising work best in Yandex and Google. Posting advertisements only works when the whole city is covered and it is advisable to make the background of the advertisement red or yellow so that it is clearly visible that you are offering and a telephone number (preferably a home one, since it is quickly remembered than a mobile one).

You also need to hire workers, the more the better (so that it doesn’t happen that there is an order but no performers). It is also necessary to make special offers for legal entities, because... they generally generate more profit. Well, give the opportunity to choose payment: hourly, by mileage and by weight. Otherwise, try, experiment and everything will work out!

Thank you, Evgeniy, for answering the questions. Good luck in business!

Dear readers, if you have questions for Evgeniy, then ask them in the comments!

Russia is a large country that requires the supply of a large number of goods and services to its various points, separated by vast distances. Consequently, passenger and freight transportation services are in demand, which makes the transport business very profitable. The formation of the structure of this business began with the country's transition to a market economy. This area currently employs about 20% of Russia's working population.

The road network in the country is continuously growing, which contributes to the development of transport business. In addition, cargo transportation has now become safer than, say, in the 90s, which cannot but attract entrepreneurs. This makes cargo delivery easier and cheaper. This area of business is developing despite the unstable economy of the country, which is a positive factor for investment.

Business organization

Before you open a company providing freight transportation services from scratch, you need to decide on the type of future enterprise and the type of transport required for this. If you plan to provide services to individuals, such as delivery of furniture, household appliances, moving assistance, etc., then you will need light-duty trucks (load capacity up to 7 tons).

If you want to open a large company to provide services to legal entities (shops, wholesale warehouses) in Russia or neighboring countries, you will need trucks with trailers, trucks, and refrigerators. To open a company that provides services to industrial enterprises, dump trucks, tractors and long vehicles are used. There is also the option of an intermediary company that searches for orders. Such a company does not require its own transport.

The next step when opening a transport company from scratch is choosing a legal form. If the company has one founder, then the individual entrepreneur form is ideal for it. For a company with several founders, it is better to choose a legal form such as LLC.

The form of taxation for your company will depend on the types of services provided and the amount of transport available. If your company has up to 20 cars and provides services to individuals, then the optimal type of taxation will be UTII. For transport companies providing services to industrial enterprises, you should choose the 3NDFL tax regime. For limited liability companies, a general tax regime is chosen. Intermediary transport companies can apply either a general or simplified tax regime.

When starting a business such as a transport company from scratch, you should remember that it is mandatory to open a bank account, even if you plan to provide services to individuals. Legal entities work mainly on a cashless basis, so they will not enter into a contract with a company that does not have a bank account.

Another important point is the selection of personnel for your company. When opening a transport company from scratch, you will need to hire drivers, the number of which depends on the number of cars and work schedule.

With round-the-clock operation, one car will require up to 3 drivers. The number of dispatchers depends on the number of cars and type of services. For companies with more than 5 cars, a car mechanic will be required. It is advisable to hire an accountant in a company that has more than 10 cars under the general taxation regime.

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How to make your trucking business successful?

The success of your business directly depends on the number of clients, so finding them is one of the most important tasks of a businessman.

When starting a business from scratch, you should take care of good advertising for your company. For a high-quality and quick search for clients, the following types of advertising will help you: posting advertisements around the city, advertising your company on the Internet sites of your city and region, in newspapers and magazines, placing advertisements in furniture stores and household appliance stores. Dispatch companies can also help you find clients.

If your company works with legal entities, then you can send commercial offers of your services with prices to a certain circle of companies. Currently, large enterprises hold tenders, in which your company must offer optimal conditions to win. In addition, you should enter into contracts with large dispatch firms.

When opening a transport company, you should remember that clients first of all pay attention to the quality of services, so starting such a business from scratch is quite difficult, regardless of whether it is urban, intercity or international cargo transportation. The profitability of your business depends on the literacy of your company's employees. The simplest option for a transport business is to provide customers with vehicles for rent.

The quality of the purchased transport determines the future profit of your company. Trucks from Mercedes, Peugeot, Ford, and Hyundai are best suited for this business. Such cars, although they are more expensive, last longer than inexpensive domestic cars. A couple of hackneyed “Gazelles” and “Bulls” are unlikely to bring you much income.

Freight transportation is a common and promising business, both in our country and in others. There are quite a lot of enterprises engaged in this type of activity. But even with a high level of competition, competent business organization will help you achieve high incomes. For cargo transportation to be profitable, you need to clearly understand where to start a business, how to organize the production process and how to find your customers.

Cargo transportation: where to start

Before you start a business and engage in cargo transportation, your future enterprise needs to be registered. To do this, you will need to select a suitable organizational and legal form. If you are planning a large business, then it is better to open a limited liability company (LLC). If the transport company is small, then individual entrepreneurship (IP) is suitable.

Beginning businessmen, due to limited start-up capital, often prefer to register as an individual entrepreneur. To do this you will need:

application of the established form for registration of individuals. persons as individual entrepreneurs;
receipt for payment of state duty (read);
copies of passport and TIN;
application for transition to a simplified taxation system (if this type of tax payment was chosen)

Advice: if the registration procedure causes any difficulties, you can contact specialists who will take care of collecting the package of documents and registration.

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Organization of cargo transportation - production plan

When organizing cargo transportation, the first thing you need to start with is the vehicle fleet. To operate successfully, an enterprise will need at least 1-2 cars. Most often they start by purchasing several GAZelles. But it is unlikely that large orders will be obtained with such a fleet of vehicles - for such shipments, Euro trucks will be needed. Or you can purchase additional trailers - this will help increase the carrying capacity to 24 tons.

If you decide to transport products, you can buy tilt cars for such purposes. When transporting perishable products, you will have to buy refrigerators or isotomic vans.

When choosing between domestic and imported cars, you need to start from your financial situation and the main objectives of your business. Foreign-made cars are much more expensive both to purchase and to operate. But they break down less often than their domestic competitors. Russian brands are much more economical and are well suited for starting a business.

Important! When purchasing a GAZelle, you need to remember some technical shortcomings of the car: the frame is highly sensitive to overloads, the metal does not resist corrosion well, and weak axle gearboxes.

Once the vehicle fleet has been created, the next thing you need to start transporting cargo is parking and storage boxes. All this can be either purchased or rented.

You can initially refuel your car at a regular gas station. As the company's turnover increases, it will be possible to conclude an agreement with gas stations to purchase large quantities of fuel at a better price.

As for the personnel of the enterprise, it is necessary to hire the following employees:

1-2 drivers;
2-3 loaders;
1 dispatcher;
1 accountant.

At the initial stages, the entrepreneur himself can take on the functions of a second driver and accountant. It will be possible to hire additional employees when the business begins to expand and the number of orders increases.

How to find clients for cargo transportation

The question of how to find clients for cargo transportation is something that interests any entrepreneur planning such a business. There are quite a lot of ways. One of the most common is contacting transport exchanges and dispatch services via the Internet. These exchanges include: Cargolink, TimoCom, Lardi-trans, Gruzonline, Sotalogistic and others.

The next effective method of promoting the search for customers is placing advertisements on thematic websites, in catalogs of enterprises and forwarding organizations. You can use sending trigger emails in the form of a commercial offer to potential clients.

It is recommended to create your own website where you can post all the necessary information about your company and the services provided. In addition to the above methods, you can use the following types of advertising:

contextual advertising;
advertising on social networks;
establishing partnerships with organizations that need transport services - building materials, household appliances, furniture;
outdoor advertising;
television and radio advertising;
participation in tenders.

All these methods require certain costs, but such expenses are justified and pay off quickly enough.

Conditions for moving goods

When the question of how to find a customer for cargo transportation has been resolved, it is necessary to conclude an agreement for the transportation of goods. The contract can be concluded either for one delivery or for a long period with the delivery of several consignments of goods. The contract must stipulate the following conditions:

exact address of cargo departure and delivery;
the name of all involved employees of the organization carrying out cargo transportation;
full characteristics of the transported goods;
description of the means of transportation;
the cost of the service provided and its calculation;
cargo delivery time.

A contract is not the only document necessary to carry out a business. To transport goods you will also need: waybill, waybill, order receipt; compulsory and voluntary insurance policy in case of property damage to the transported cargo.

The waybill must be drawn up in accordance with all the rules - it will need to indicate information about the driver, vehicle and the company transporting the goods. It must also contain notes about the driver’s permission to drive the vehicle and the route.

Important! Drivers transporting dangerous goods are required to have a special permit obtained from the authorized bodies.

Is it profitable to engage in cargo transportation?

Is it profitable to engage in cargo transportation? Representatives of most enterprises providing such services will definitely answer that it is profitable. This business is quite complicated at the start, but after a certain number of regular customers appears, income will increase significantly.

To understand how to make money in cargo transportation, you need to understand what the initial costs will be. On average, starting a business will require 1,200,000 – 1,400,000 rubles. for the following expense items:

purchase of vehicles – 1,000,000-1,200,000 rubles;
rent of office space for the first month of work – 20,000 rubles;
rental of boxes and parking for the first month – 10,000 rubles;
Fuel and lubricants – 40,000 rubles;
remuneration of employees – 35,000 rubles;
advertising – 20,000 rub.

Among other things, the current costs of running a business include: We recommend reading about how to pay. As for revenue, cargo transportation brings in on average about 150,000 rubles, of which net profit is approximately 40,000 - 60,000 rubles.

You can learn about the features of the car dismantling business at this address: . Where to get cars, how to organize the work process, and what is the possible profit.

Freight transportation as a business: reviews from entrepreneurs

If we consider gazelle cargo transportation as a business, we can see that this is a fairly profitable business option, which is confirmed by reviews from owners of similar companies. Even entrepreneurs who have one GAZelle and deliver orders themselves can secure a stable income.